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N. PLAOIDE. MACHINE FOR SHELLING PEAS.

Patented Apr. 25,1893.

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MACHINE FOR SHE-LLING PEAS.

Patented Apr. 25, 1-893.

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No. 496,206. I Patented A r. 25, 1893.

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No. 496,206. Patented Apr. 25, 1893.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NAVARRE PLACIDE, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO ALPHONSE BIARDOT, OF NEWYORK, N. Y.

MACHINE FOR SHELLING PEAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 496,206, dated April25, 1893. Application filed February 3, 1892. Serial No.420,225. (Nomodel.) Patented in France August 23, 1889, No. 200,354.

T0 at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, NAVARRE PLAOIDE, a citizen of the Republic ofFrance, and a resident of Paris, France, have invented a certain new anduseful Improvement in Machines for Shelling Peas, (for which I haveobtained a patent of the Republic of France, No. 200,354, dated August23, 1889,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in machines for shelling peas,beans, and similar vegetable products.

The improvement refers to the organization and co-operation of podbreaking and crushing devices and cleansing and separating devices, bywhich in the first place the pods are crushed open, and in the secondplace the peas are separated from the debris of the pods.

In particular, the improvement relates to means for varying the angle ofthe crushing surfaces with each other, so as to adapt a machine to thevarious sizes, hardness, &c., of peas: it being necessary that the angleof the crushing surfaces should be variable, and the same not havingbeen heretofore success fully accomplished. Finally my improvement alsorelates to the construction of the perforated partitions, by which peasare separated from the pods and sorted.

Referring now to the drawings which accompany the same, to aid in thedescription, Figure 1. is a longitudinal elevation of the machine, theframing being partly broken away to show the interior. Fig. 2. is alongitudinal elevation of the interior of the crushers, one side of theframe and of the perforated sheet metal cylinder being removed, to showthe interior. Fig. 3. is an elevation of the main pulley end of themachine. Fig. 4. is a cross section on the line x-oc of Fig. 1. Fig. 5.is a detail of the clutch for varying the angle of the crushers. Figs. 6and 7, are a broken plan and section respectively of the perforatedsheet metal lining of the external crusher.

The machinery, contained in the frame A, A, consists, first, of theexternal and internal pod crushers. The external crusher consists of twocylindrical flanged metal heads B, and (J;

whereof head B, is fixed on the hollow shaft 1), supported in pillowblocks on the frame A, and through which passes axially the driv ingshaftl, and head C, (which is annular in shape, belngopen in thecenter,) is supported on the rolls D, D. Said heads B, O, are connectedby the longitudinal crusher bars E, E, preferably made of wood, withcorrugated inner surfaces, (see Fig. 4) and attached to the heads B andC, by clamp irons F, F, and bolts f (Fig. 3). On said heads B, C, and onthe outer edges of the crusher bars E, E, is secured by bolts g, g, asheet, (or sheets) of perforated metal G, said sheet G filling theinterval between the bars E, E, and constituting substantially aperforated cylindrical shell. The perforations g, g, are of a size topermit the largest pea to fall through but to prevent the pods fromfalling through, and said perforations are formed with very smoothedges, so as not to injure the peas, by turning back the metal rims, g gformed at the punching of the perforations, and then tinning the sheetsG. This formation gives a very smooth rim to the perforations g, g. sothat the tender peas are not injured, and it is a very useful part of myinvention, and applicable to various separating machines. -I prefer toturn back the said rims g 9 on the inside of the shell, so as to offeran obstacle to the pieces of pods falling through and by reason of theroundness and smoothness of said rims, this can be done without injuringthe peas. Said external crusher is rotated by the pulley h, to whichpower is communicated from any suitable motor.

The internal crusherconsists of longitudinal helicoidal crusher arms M,M, preferably four in number and of wood, and fixed on a longitudinalshaft I,in the following manner: Near each head, B, and O, is a crosshead, J, and K respectively, on the shaft I. Each of said cross headsconsists of a hub 1 and arms 2, 2, and said cross head J, is fixed onthe shaft I, but cross head K is set on a hollow shaft lo, which has ,aclutch face 0 on its inner end, and corresponding with the other membern, of the clutch, which is fixed on shaft I, and a ring and stumps p onits outer end, beyond head C, to be engaged by a tool for the purplpspt(if turning the cross-head K, on the s a P, is a spiral spring betweenthe hollow shaft K and the shoulder j, on the shaft I, so as to forcethe clutch face 0 into engagement with the clutch n. The aforesaidcrusher bars M, M, are bolted on the arms of the cross heads J, K,byslots m, and bolts m, equidistant from the shaft I and very near to thecorrugated surfaces of the bars E, E, and

there may be a middle cross head L, turningloosely on the shaft 1, andhaving its arms bolted to the crusher bars M, M. Now it is evident thatby drawing cross head K a little to the left so as to disengage theclutch face ofrom the clutch n, and then turning the cross head K, thecrusher barsor blades M, M, will take varying helicoidal or screw-likecurves, (see Fig. 2) accordingto the angle to which the cross head K isdeflected. The

spring P will then hold the hollow :shaft 0, engaged in the clutch n, soas to keep the,

cross head K at any given angle; P is a pointer indicating the degree ofdeflection.

The curvature of the blades M, M, is such thatwhen the machineryisrunning forward,

as indicated by the arrow in Fig.3, the blades M, M, willtend to workthe contents of the crusher toward the right andexpel them at that end,and the curvature of said blades M, M,-needs bebut slight, but in Fig. 2said curv ature is exaggerated for sake of clearness.

Said external and internalcrushers are 1'0 tated in the same directionbut at-different velocities by pulleys h, 26 Y25, and 39, or they may berotated in opposite directions; orfthe external crusher may bestationary and the .crushers revolve the pods are caught between thecrusher arms or blades E, E, and M,,M,

and broken open, falling with the peas on the perforated metal sheet G.The peas fall through the perforations g, g, u th cleaner and separatorQ, but the pods are; pushed by the arms M, M, out at the right. of l thecrusher upon the shaker, 10. Said shakeri 10, consists of the inclinedtrough 11, withi stepped perforated metal bottom 12. Said bottom12ispreferably formedwith smooth orifices as hereinbefore described,:and beneath the bottom 12 is another bottom 13,'L

connecting with spout 14, the space between bottom 12 and 13 beingclosed at its lower end. Said shaker 1O rests at its upper end looselyon the frame A, a chain and pin 15, serving to prevent removing saidshaker l0 entirely from frame A, and its lower end is engaged by theupper end of the lever 17,

which is pivoted at 18 and has itslower end.

actuated by the cam wheel, 20, on shaft 30. Thusthe shaker 10is vibratedto assist the pods to fall down the stepped bottom and to separate anypeas that may have fallen into the shaker 10; such peas drop through theperforated bottom 12, and are discharged by spout 14 into receptacles.As hereinbefore said the peas fall from the crushers upon the cleanerand separator Q,- which consists of an endless apron q, of any suitableelastic water proof fabric, extendingalongunder the entire length of thecrushers and stretched at an inclination over the rollers 'r and s.Roller 'r, is driven by pulley 28, from pulley 29, on shaft 30, in suchdirection that the top-surface of the apron (1 moves up the incline, androller 8 is adjustable to the links t, t, at either end of the saidroller; which links if, t, are also adjustable by means of thearms t it.Thus theposition of the-roller 3 may be shifted to vary-the tension orinclination of the apron q. Said-apron g, has guide rollersq, ,q whicharesecured to the inner side of the apron q, at'proper intervals toprevent said apron from rubbing against the uprights. of theframe. Thesaid guide rollers q q "areconveniently. attached to the apron, q,.bybeing set on metal strips that are riveted to-webs-which are stitchedto the inner side of the -apron,'thesaid =metal strips of course beingarranged transverseof the apron. The drawings do not show the strips orwebs because :this -is :a well understood method of construction.

Adjacent to, and under-the extent of the apron q, are heaters T, whichconsist of heads t on-arms 6 set onshaft31,supported'in-the bearings 32and having a lever or'crank o, saidlever o, beingconnected with -a-rod 1) which passes .througha guide to, andsaid-rod v havingsa hingedend piece '0", with spring '0 so that-said'piece 0?, can turn downward,but not upward. Said piece 0 ,1138 a cam faced end, that is engaged ateach revolution of shaft 30, bycanrX on said shaft 30, so that the rod'u is pushed up lengthwise by said cam X9, thereby oscillating the-lever'v andcausing the beaters ,T to strike'the under side of the apron q; 10is a spring-to draw back the rod v. The bearings 32 of said shaft'31 areshiftably-attached to the frame 33 by slots and-bolts,so:that saidbearings32 can be moved toward orfrom the pulley 29, and thereby theforce of the blow of the beaters T,-or the apronq, can .be varied.

The use of the apron:q,1is as follows: Peas with some fragments of podsfall from the crushers on saidapronq, .The peas -roll down the inclineof the apron q, into receptacle 32*, being assisted thereto by thebeating-of the apron, and any very small peas, known as superfine are bysaid beating prevented from clinging to the apron q, but are made toroll down into the receptacles 37. Fromreceptacles 32*, the peas fallinto vessels 33, and may be thereafter sifted if necessary. But thefragments of pods clingto the apron q, are carriedup the incline andover into the receptacles 38. In Fig. 3 one of the said heads, 1?, isshown projecting below the under side of the apron, q, therebyindicating the position of said head 25 when its blow upon said apron isfinished. It will be understood that said apron will be at that instantdepressed below the head t The apron q, is cleansed by brushes X, onshafts X extending the width of the belt q, and which are revolved bysprocket wheels X X actuated by the pulley 28, and chains X X or similarmeans. The brushes X clean themselves on blades y, as they revolve. Imay also use sponges disposed in a manner similar to the brushes aloneor in connection with the brushes, to cleanse the apron, and in thatcase will provide jets of water to wet the sponges. The water and dirtare collected in the receptacle 37.

36 is a trough to catch the drippings from the lower end of the apron q.

To facilitate examining the machine panels are provided in the framingA, A, which are removable at will.

Having now described my improvement, I claim as my invention 1. Inseparating machines, a crusher consisting of rotatably supported heads,crusherbars connecting said heads, and screens filling the intervalsbetween said bars and having orifices with rims rounded back and beingtinned, as and for the purpose described.

2. In pod separating machines, a crusher consisting of a rotatableshaft, a cross head fixed on said shaft near one end of the crusher, across head placed loosely on said shaft near the other end of saidcrusher, a coupling device on said second crosshead adapted to engagewith a coupling on the shaft, and a spring to press the crossheadcoupling into engagement with the shaft coupling, substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination in separating machines of an external crusherconsisting of heads, longitudinal bars connecting the heads, and screensfilling the spaces between said bars and having orifices formed withrounded rims and said screens being tinned, and an internal crusherconsisting of helicoidal arms set on a rotatable shaft that is axiallydisposed in said external crusher, as and for the purpose described.

4. In separating machines, the combination of an endless traveling apronset at an inclination to the horizontal and with its upper surfacemoving up the incline, beater heads, t on arms t oscillated by arotatable shaft, having a crank, 1;, connecting rod '0, cam-faced endpiece, 0 rotating cam, 00, and retractile spring 40, substantially asdescribed.

5. In separating machines, a shaker consisting of a trough having aperforated stepped bottom and a lower imperforate bottom, and adischarge pipe in said lower bottom, in combination with a lever whichbears at one end under said lower bottom and at its other end on a camwheel, substantially as described.

6. In separating machines, a screen or screens consisting of sheet metalhaving orifices punched therein, the rims of said orifices being roundedback and being tinned, as described.

7. In separating machines, the combination of an external crusherconsisting of rotatably supported heads, longitudinal crusher barsconnecting said heads, a cylindrical envelope of perforated sheet metalaround said bars and an internal crusher consisting of a cross headfixed on an axial shaft within said cylindrical envelope a cross headloose upon said shaft near the middle thereof, a cross head set movablyon said shaft at the end thereof opposite to said fixed cross head, aclutch to fix said last named cross head, a spring to actuate saidclutch, and longitudinal arms secured on said three cross heads by slotsand bolts, as described. I

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname, in presence of two witnesses, this 21st day of Septernber, 1891.

NAVARRE PLACIDE.

Witnesses:

ROBT. M. HOOPER, G. CHATEL.

